The book covers scientific and philosophical topics by bringing them closer to literature. Some topics are scientific explanation, the concept of cause, rational argumentation, pseudoscience, language, ethics, philosophy of mind, posthumanism, and democracy. Summary Prefazione di Severino Saccardi. Introduzione. Capitolo 1: Le scrivanie di Eddington. 1.1. Il vecchio Qfwfq (I. Calvino. Le cosmicomiche). 1.2. L’assassino invisibile (L.F. Celine, Il dottor Semmelweis). 1.3. Gli gnommeri di Ingravallo (C.E. Gadda, Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana). 1.4. I sergenti di Napoleone (L. Tolstoj, (...) Guerra e pace). 1.5. Tex e il Coyote nero (G. Bonelli, Il Coyote nero). 1.6. “Elementare Watson!” (A.C. Doyle, Il segno dei quattro). Capitolo 2. Non saranno mai delusi. 2.1. L’albero di Natale. (V. Perrin, Cambiare l’acqua ai fiori). 2.2. Il dagherrotipo di Buendia. (G.G. Marquez, Cent’anni di solitudine). 2.3. Don Ferrante e la peste. (A. Manzoni, I promessi sposi). Capitolo 3. Capitolo puffo. 3.1. L’Accademia di Lagado. (J. Swift, I viaggi di Gulliver). 3.2. Bruto è uomo d’onore. (W. Shakespeare, Giulio Cesare). 3.3. Le oche mute. (G. Orwell, 1984). Capitolo 4. “Quarantadue!” 4.1. Lo zio N’Ba N’Ga. (I. Calvino, Le cosmicomiche). 4.2. La mosca cocchiera. (J. de La Fontaine, Favole). 4.3. Il fiore del dr. Dek. (E. Salgari, Le meraviglie del Duemila). Capitolo 5. L’ultimo uomo. 5.1. La pernice accusatrice. (Cyrano de Bergerac, Gli stati e gli imperi del Sole). 5.2. Pallino in via Mjasnickaja. (M.A. Bulgakov, Cuore di cane). Capitolo 6. Scenari perturbanti. 6.1. Dissipatio. (G. Morselli, Dissipatio H.G.). 6.2. Un mammifero meccanizzato. (S. Butler, Erewhon). 6.3. Mlle Olimpia. (E.T.A. Hoffmann, Racconti notturni). Capitolo 7. La gente perbene. 7.1. La balena bianca. (H. Melville, Moby Dick). 7.2. Betsabea Everdeene. (T. Hardy, Via dalla pazza folla). 7.3. Un’idea francese. (C. McCarthy, Cavalli selvaggi). 7.4. Le montagne del Montana. (D. Delillo, Rumore bianco). (shrink)

The religious revival of the 'North', developed by Pentecostal missionaries of the 'South', in the context of the 'reverse mission', is a dynamic process and in significant expansion. From a localized ethnography - conducted between November 2011 and April 2012 - this article analyzes the work of evangelization and gender strategies developed by two emblematic and differentiated Brazilian neo-Pentecostal religious movements, in the metropolitan area of Barcelona : the evangelical and transnationalised Universal Church of the Kingdom of God and the (...) Catholic Charismatic Renewal group Raboni Ajaray. From a comparative anthropological study of the daily life of these two religious groups, it discusses how a "feminized" and "manly" character, respectively, define important boundaries between Catholics and evangelicals. The ethnographic data demonstrate how certain characteristics of immigrants can act as a source of social differentiation that fosters opportunities and specific doctrinal strategies for men and women, in a context of diaspora. (shrink)

The purpose of this essay is to present the critique of Hegelian universalism carried out by Franz Fanon’s concept of the zone of non-being, by Enrique Dussel’s zone of the exteriority and by Paulo Freire’s pedagogy of the oppressed. The reading of the Hegelian dialectic operated by the three thinkers helps to understand the substratum of thought that guided the European conception of freedom inscribed in the field of political practice, locating it in time and space. In addition, his proposals (...) for “decolonization of dialectics” renew the imagination and philosophical-political praxis of countries subordinated by the context of power relations in the modern/colonial world, in search of other symbolic-epistemic references necessary for the social transformation of the reality of inequalities of the Latin American continent. The gesture of the three thinkers opens the philosophical text or, more specifically, Hegelian thought, to an infinite, non-totalizable dialogue, to a critique of the metaphysical and/or ontological closure of knowledge, its universalization. (shrink)

Este artículo presenta una breve aproximación a uno de los problemas epistemológicos más importantes a los que se ha enfrentado tanto el materialismo como el fisicalismo, esto es, al problema del significado. Apelando a la ineludible necesidad de la interpretación, el presente acercamiento comienza con un análisis crítico sobre aquellos argumentos que intentan justificar que la materia mantiene una legítima autonomía con respecto a entidades metafísicas como el valor, el sentido y el significado. No obstante y con la finalidad de (...) comprender la inherencia del significado subyacente en la experiencia de la percepción humana, se apelará al concepto de «superposición semántica» con el objetivo de diferenciar los estados racionales (conscientes) de los estados irreflexivos (procedimentales), siendo probable que éstos últimos tengan una influencia importante en la raíz de los presupuestos materialistas. Palabras clave: Materialismo, significado, percepción, racionalidad, superposición semántica. (shrink)

The purpose of this work is reviewing some reduction results to deal with systems of nonautonomous ordinary differential equations with two time scales. They could be included among the so-called approximate aggregation methods. The existence of different time scales in a system, together with some long-term features, are used to build up a simpler system governed by a lesser number of state variables. The asymptotic behavior of the latter system is then used to describe the asymptotic behaviour of the former (...) one. The reduction results are stated in two particular but important cases: periodic systems and asymptotically autonomous systems. The reduction results are illustrated with the help of simple spatial SIS epidemic models including either periodic or asymptotically autonomous terms. (shrink)

The theme of training engineering is still relatively absent in Brazilian academic writing, appearing only in the early 2000s. In Brazil, research on “didactic engineering” is more frequent. In this article, we study the uses of the construct of didactic engineering in Brazilian scientific writing. This exploratory study is based on an analysis of theses and articles in Brazilian scientific journals. In Master’s and doctoral programs, references to didactic engineering mask an uncritical and unoriginal appropriation of ideas most often imported (...) from French didactics. (shrink)

O presente artigo pretende realizar uma aproximação entre os pressupostos do projetoepistêmico decolonial e daquele de Michel Foucault relativamente às suas análises histórico-políticas e àfilosofia como atitude crítica. Para tanto, categorias como Estado e raça deverão ser perscrutadas emambos os projetos visto que congregam conceitos e teorizações importantes sobre a modernidade, obiopoder e a colonialidade.

Resenha de Tible, Jean. Marx Selvagem. Quarta edição, São Paulo: Autonomia Literária, 2020.

Este artigo analisa a chamada Modernidade apontando como seu estudo no ensino superior e no ensino médio apresenta uma historiografia marcada pela colonialidade do saber e pelo eurocentrismo. Propõe, assim, observar alguns problemas historiográficos da filosofia, entender suas causas e buscar ver o que está nas sombras da tradição filosófica.

This work focuses on corporate social responsibility disclosure practices of multinational corporations. Based on a longitudinal study of CSR reports of companies operating in the automotive industry, the paper offers a detailed study of how disclosure practices are changing and which principles and approaches influence and drive the development of such disclosure. Based on a four-year report-based study, the findings enable us to identify three main trends in the CSR disclosure strategy of automotive firms. First, in line with the mainstream (...) CSR literature, the present study confirms the trend towards the increasing environmental and social accountability. Second, it adds evidence to the emerging debate regarding the harmonization and standardization of reporting and discusses this aspect by mentioning the standards as exerting some normative pressures within the sector. Finally, it provides evidence on specific links emerging between issues and actors. The implications of this evidence contribute to opening up the debate on CSR disclosure to the possibility of combining the institutional lens with a strategic approach that captures the materiality considerations of CSR disclosure. (shrink)

En este artículo explico el problema de la circularidad, tradicionalmente achacado a la metafísica cartesiana, destacando la importancia que, según Descartes, reviste esta cuestión. Argumento que las versiones del cartesianismo que ofrecen algunos de los comentarios más populares, utilizados en lengua castellana (los de Margaret Wilson y John Cottingham), resultan incompatibles con las posiciones que Descartes mantiene en una serie de textos. Teorías de ese corte sólo podrían justificarse por su valor filosófico intrínseco, pero también sostengo que ambas reconstrucciones presentan (...) debilidades conceptuales que las llevan al fracaso, sea como pretendida solución, en el caso de Wilson; o bien como intento por desplazar o disolver el problema central, en el caso de Cottingham. The problem of logical circularity, which traditionally has been blamed on Cartesian metaphysics, was clearly seen by Descartes himself, who moreover advertised its avoidance (or its solution) as a crucial merit of his own philosophy. On this subject two of the most popular commentaries on Descartes -those of Margaret Wilson and John Cottingham, which are widely used in teaching at least in Spanish- are criticized. Some of the objections I set here against both readings are textual in nature, while other ones hinge, as I argue, on their respective conceptual weaknesses. Wilson's proposed solution is shown to the botched, while Cottingham is shown to fail in his attempt to dissolve the problem. (shrink)

Los indicadores de producción científica son elementos importantes para comprender la dinámica del conocimiento. Desde esta perspectiva, se pretende mapear autores de referencia en Ciencias de la Información a partir de publicaciones en los anales del GT1 del Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação (ENANCIB). Se buscó identificar los acoplamientos bibliográficos de estos autores, presenta grupos de autores/referencias del corpus analizado y la co-ocurrencia de palabras clave. El corpus de la investigación se constituyó mediante la extracción de datos (...) de resúmenes ampliados y comunicaciones completas publicadas entre 2018 y 2023. Se extrajeron los siguientes elementos: tipo de investigación, nombre del primer autor, título, palabras clave, resumen y las referencias. Se extrajeron los siguientes elementos: tipo de investigación, nombre del primer autor, título, palabras clave, resumen y referencias. Se analizaron 109 documentos y se extrajeron 2369 referencias. Harold Borko y Tefko Saracevic y sus respectivas investigaciones “Information Science: What is it?” (1968) y “Ciência da Informação: origem, evolução e relações” (1996) presentaron mayor representación, referenciada al 10,09% de la producción analizada. Rafael Capurro, con ““Epistemologia e Ciência da Informação” (2003), y Tefko Saracevic, también con “Ciência da Informação: origem, evolução e relações” (1996), fueron los autores referenciados en el 9,17% del universo de investigación. El análisis de la producción también resultó en dos conglomerados, uno con 45 publicaciones y el otro con 22 publicaciones. La palabra clave “Ciencias de la Información” fue el término de mayor ocurrencia, totalizando el 22,02% del corpus de documentos, seguida por los términos “Epistemología”, con el 10,09% e “Interdisciplinariedad”, con el 7,34% del total. Las obras más referenciadas, tanto identificadas de forma singular como mediante acoplamiento bibliográfico, se alinean con el alcance del GT1 de ENANCIB. (shrink)

This volume explores the broad and rich spectrum of contemporary phenomenological engagement with digital technologies. By focusing on plural forms of the digital, it offers a robust and flexible framework for contemporary phenomenological investigations in the digital age. It contends that the impact of digital technologies on the lifeworld involves both the emergence of novel fields of lived experience in need of phenomenological analysis and the transformation of the method and attitude of phenomenologically oriented philosophers towards the world. The chapters (...) cover topics including immersion in virtual environments, the impact of digital cognitive devices on our perception of time, the invisibility of digital technologies in the lifeworld, the new extension of reality rendered possible by the employment of digital devices, how new technologies affect our intimacy and sexual body, the new methodological paradigm for phenomenological research prompted by digital technologies, the additive upshot of virtual imaginary, the intersection of the real and the virtual in augmented reality experiences, the structures of perception in the regime of digitally generated environments, how it feels like to empathize with others in a regime of virtual reality, process of en-rolling in the constitution of a virtual subject, the transformation of virtual reality into conspiratorial reality by means of on-line media platforms, and the problem of the extent to which technological environments impact human cognitive and perceptual experience. Phenomenologies of the Digital Age will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in phenomenology, philosophy of technology, science & technology studies, and media studies. (shrink)

The objective of this research is to analyse the ethical problems of Community-Based Tourism. CBT is a novel form of tourism that has appeared in recent decades in different parts of the world, especially in areas with large indigenous populations. The investigations until now have primarily highlighted the virtues of this type of tourism, and the few criticisms that have appeared against cbt were related to its functional shortcomings and the benefits that sometimes do not reach the communities. While the (...) ethical complications associated with the cbt have not gone unnoticed, in this article we address some ethical problems of the cbt that have not received as much attention so far —such as those related to the field of indigenous ethics—, that demand a deep reflection on the commercial use of communities. (shrink)

Em nótulas preambulares, o presente artigo, cujo o problema central é uma análise sobre a concepção de democracia de Mangabeira Unger, será apresentada em três partes. Num primeiro momento, como uma tentativa de mostrar um mapeamento acerca da concepção teórico-prático no que diz respeito à democracia radical e propositiva, que posteriormente se entendera como experimentalismo democrático. No segundo momento, há, de forma pormenorizada, o bojo do pensamento ungeriano que se reflete e se estende em diversas áreas, como na filosofia política (...) e direito. Porém, a direção e tentativa é tentar trazer um enfoque maior no que diz respeito ao experimentalismo democrático com ecos na sua “teoria social construtiva”, em seu estuário na filosofia política. É nesses soslaios que o pensamento de Mangabeira Unger se debruça com a análise do processo através do qual ele tenta desdobrar a dimensão explicativa de suas obras. E, por último, visa de forma imanente, discutir a imaginação institucional e de proposições programáticas e criação de futuros alternativos, reimaginando os arranjos institucionais, nas quais estas por sua vez vestem uma camisa de força entendida como fetichismo institucional e estrutural, vítima do pensamento preconceituoso oitocentista e novecentista. (shrink)

Neste texto, pretende-se investigar a apropriação das idéias de Foucault em textos de Jorge Larrosa, na medida em que essa apropriação contribui para a discussão da formação. Através da análise dos modos como a pedagogia é produtora de subjetividades, Larrosa pretende construir as bases de um método que permita avaliar exemplos pedagógicos concretos.

Humans are fundamentally social and tend to create emergent organizations when interacting with each other; from dyads to families, small groups, large groups, societies and civilizations. The study of the neuronal substrate of human social behavior is currently gaining momentum in the young field of social neuroscience. Hyperscanning is a neuroimaging technique by which we can study two or more brain simultaneously while participants interact with each other. The aim of this article is to discuss several factors that we deem (...) important in designing hyperscanning experiments. We first review hyperscanning studies performed by means of electroencephalography (EEG) that have been relying on a continuous interaction paradigm. Then, we provide arguments for favoring ecological paradigms, for studying the emotional component of social interactions and for performing longitudinal studies, the last two aspects being largely neglected so far in the hyperscanning literature despite their paramount importance in social sciences. Based on these premises we argue that music performance is a suitable experimental setting for hyperscanning and that for such studies EEG is an appropriate choice as neuroimaging modality. (shrink)

Este artigo discute a experiência do Instante (Augenblick) à luz da ontologia da subjetividade desenvolvida por Kierkegaard, Nietzsche e Heidegger. O trabalho propõe que o Instante constitui uma experiência concreta de ruptura que tem como fundo e correlato a mediania pública niveladora. No Instante, instala-se a angústia que revela o domínio do público sobre a subjetividade (como publicidade, niilismo e domínio técnico). Ao mesmo tempo, revela-se a possibilidade de recuperação do ser si mesmo (Selbst) mais próprio na singularidade. Conversão, superação, (...) apropriação ou fuga para a impessoalidade constituem possibilidades abertas no Instante. Nesse horizonte, o artigo oferece elementos para a compreensão da experiência que se nomeia com a noção de Instante e sua pertinência para pensar uma ética da singularidade. (shrink)

El presente trabajo tiene como trasfondo el problema general de la relación entre las personas y los sistemas legales. En particular, se trata la cuestión de la secularización de la ley en la antigüedad y en la modernidad. Se parte para ello de la perspectiva frente a la ley mostrada por Jesús, como motor de la critica secularizadora. A su vez, se aborda el problema del sujeto en nuestro contexto, la crítica de la idea de sujeto en la postmodernidad actual (...) y la reivindicación de otros caminos para la expresión de lo humano a partir de algunas experiencias históricas y actuales que posibiliten otro marco de relación con la ley. (shrink)

A presente coletânea é resultado de cooperação de pesquisadores brasileiros e portugueses, envolvidos com a docência no ensino superior e a consequente formação continuada dos professores universitários. A frequência no ensino superior é vista como uma conquista social dos ideais democráticos modernos e teria trazido novos públicos aos bancos escolares, o que tornaria esse ensino uma realidade de maneira qualitativa distinta com a qual decisores políticos, gestores, professores e estudantes devem aprender a lidar. Essas preocupações pretenderam motivar e nortear os (...) temas abordados nesta obra. (shrink)

In his 1916 review paper on general relativity, Einstein made the often-quoted oracular remark that all physical measurements amount to a determination of coincidences, like the coincidence of a pointer with a mark on a scale. This argument, which was meant to express the requirement of general covariance, immediately gained great resonance. Philosophers such as Schlick found that it expressed the novelty of general relativity, but the mathematician Kretschmann deemed it as trivial and valid in all spacetime theories. With the (...) relevant exception of the physicists of Leiden (Ehrenfest, Lorentz, de Sitter, and Nordström), who were in epistolary contact with Einstein, the motivations behind the point-coincidence remark were not fully understood. Only at the turn of the 1960s did Bergmann (Einstein’s former assistant in Princeton) start to use the term ‘coincidence’ in a way that was much closer to Einstein’s intentions. In the 1980s, Stachel, projecting Bergmann’s analysis onto his historical work on Einstein’s correspondence, was able to show that what he started to call ‘the point-coincidence argument’ was nothing but Einstein’s answer to the infamous ‘hole argument’. The latter has enjoyed enormous popularity in the following decades, reshaping the philosophical debate on spacetime theories. The point-coincidence argument did not receive comparable attention. By reconstructing the history of the argument and its reception, this paper argues that this disparity of treatment is not justified. This paper will also show that the notion that only coincidences are observable in physics marks every critical step of Einstein’s struggle with the meaning of coordinates in physics. (shrink)

Comparative study of the knowledge of IVF in medical students of universities with different ethical and humanistic valuesEstudo comparativo do conhecimento das técnicas de reprodução assistida em estudantes de Medicina de universidades com diferentes ideários éticos e humanísticosIn vitro fertilization continues to be presented as a relatively simple solution to produce a pregnancy without exposing the medical and ethical problems that this represents. This project consisted of conducting a survey to medical students from three medical schools in Mexico City with (...) different ethical and humanistic ideas with the aim of evaluating knowledge about IVF techniques and their ethical implications. The survey was applied to 404 medical students. Students in schools with personalistic ethics had a greater recognition of the bioethical principles involved in the use of these techniques. Knowledge of the technique and ethical issues involved in assisted reproduction could improve the sensitivity of medical students to ethical dilemmas that arise in their professional practice.Para citar este artículo / To reference this article / Para citar este artigoCantú-Quintanilla G, Vidal-Sentíes C, Marcó-Bach FJ, Camargo-Prieto F, Aguiñaga-Chiñas N, Contreras-Estrada D. Estudio comparativo del conocimiento de las técnicas de reproducción asistida en estudiantes de medicina de universidades con diferentes idearios éticos y humanísticos. Pers Bioet. 2020;24:166-176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2020.24.2.4Recibido: 04/09/2019Aceptado: 05/08/2020Publicado: 27/11/2020. (shrink)

The spatial-temporal association indicates that time is represented spatially along a left-to-right line. It is unclear whether the spatial-temporal association is mainly related to a perceptual or a motor component. In addition, the spatial-temporal association is not consistently found using a time reproduction task. Our rationale for this finding is that, classically, a non-lateralized button for performing the task has been used. Using two lateralized response buttons, the aim of the study was to find a spatial-temporal association in a time (...) reproduction task. To account for the perceptual component, reference and target stimuli were presented in different spaces through four experiments. In all experiments, a Spatial-Temporal Association of Response Codes (STEARC) effect was found and this effect was not modulated by the spatial position of both reference and target stimuli. The results suggested that the spatial-temporal association was mainly derived from the spatial information provided by response buttons, reflecting a motor but not visuospatial influence. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Nietzsche-Studien Jahrgang: 46 Heft: 1 Seiten: 254-283.

One crucial part of the Aristotle´s discussion of the principle of non-contradiction in Metaphysics IV 4 is his notion of semainein hen, which must be carefully distinguished from the closely connected notion of semainein kath´ henos. The Aristotelian proof is located at 1006b28-34 and it is argued that it does not suppose any bit of essentialism nor does it contain any petitio principii; some improvements are further proposed to the current translations.

Nuestro trabajo intenta presentar, en su primera parte, la práctica de la filosofía clínica a partir de su pertinencia dentro de la filosofía antigua (clásica) en tanto ejercicio espiritual de transformación de sí. Con ello se quiere referir con el concepto de espíritu en comprender un ejercicio no como producto sólo del pensamiento sino a una totalidad psíquica y emocional del individuo, en sentirse dentro de la perspectiva del todo. Era un arte de vivir, un modo de vida que intenta (...) comprender más profundamente la totalidad de la existencia. La filosofía no es una disciplina que perseguía plantarse ante la dimensión única del conocimiento teórico sino en el marco del yo y del ser: consiste en un itinerario, un proceso, un viaje para la ampliación de la conciencia, que busca aumentar la captación, la atención, la vivencia y expansión del ser. En su segunda parte nos adentramos a examinar la figura del tirano en y como conciencia política degradada. Para ello nos centramos en el proceso de la personalidad de la condición de lo tiránico y del tirano dentro de la vida política, pero también como éste se nos presenta como germen en nosotros mismos y de cómo se establece a partir de ello –junto a las condiciones sociales requeridas-, su existencia proyectada en un individuo particular. La filosofía clínica es una filosofía crítica en la medida que tiene por asunto el pensamiento en sí mismo; es una filosofía con conciencia de sí misma; coloca al pensamiento en una sala de observación y cuidados intensivos ¿Se trata de comprender la política como un ejercicio espiritual? Por supuesto, un ejercicio cotidiano a lo largo de nuestra existencia, donde pueda permitirnos desarrollar una atención,una inteligencia, un crecimiento y una transformación de nuestra individualidad social autónoma como ciudadano de una región y del mundo, pero comprometida con su comunidad de vida. De un modo de aprender el dominio de uno mismo, del cumplimiento de los deberes, de la libertad pública y privada, que nos lleva a renunciar de todo aquello que no dependa de nosotros y ocuparnos de lo que sí depende; mantener una rectitud de acción en conformidad con el grado de evolución de nuestra razón. On the tyranny in Plato Our work attempts to present, in its first part, the practice of clinical philosophy from its relevance as a spiritual exercise of self-transformation within ancient (classical) philosophy. The¡ concept of spirit is meant to bring about an understanding of this exercise not as a sole product¡ of thinking, but as the involvement of the individual’s psychic and emotional totality, which entails that the individual should feel as a part of the whole. It was an art of living, a way of life that attempts to understand more deeply the totality of existence. Philosophy is not a discipline that sought to face the sole dimension of theoretical knowledge. Rather, it is built around the framework of self and being. It consists of a route, a process, a journey to broaden consciousness. It seeks to increase uptake, attention, experience and expansion of being. In the second part we examine in depth the figure of the tyrant as degraded political consciousness. To this aim we focus on the process of the personality of the tyrannical and the tyrant within political life, but also on how the latter is a seed within ourselves, and on how, on this basis,his existence projected onto a particular individual becomes established –together with the required social conditions. Clinical philosophy is a critical philosophy inasmuch as its subject-matteris thought in itself; it is a philosophy with self-awareness; it places thought in an observation and intensive care room. Are we to understand politics as a spiritual exercise? Of course, an everyday exercise throughout our existence, which enables us to develop a degree of attention, intelligence, growth and transformation of our social autonomous individuality as citizens of a region and the world, while sill committed to our life community. It enables us to learn self-control, to carry out our duties, to exercise public and private freedom, in a way that makes us give up everything which doesnot depend upon us and pay attention to what actually does. It enables us to maintain rectitude of action, in agreement with our reason’s degree of evolution. (shrink)

Recensiòn del libro Jacques Ellul de Carlos Díaz.

Motor learning can be defined as a process that leads to relatively permanent changes in motor behavior through repeated interactions with the environment. Different strategies can be adopted to achieve motor learning: movements can be overtly practiced leading to an amelioration of motor performance; alternatively, covert strategies (e.g., action observation) can promote neuroplastic changes in the motor system even in the absence of real movement execution. However, whether a training regularly alternating action observation and execution (i.e., Action Observation Training, AOT) (...) may surpass the pure motor practice (MP) and observational learning (OL) remains to be established. To address this issue, we enrolled 54 subjects requiring them to learn tying nautical knots via one out of three types of training (AOT, MP, OL) with the scope to investigate which element mostly contributes to motor learning. We evaluated the overall improvement of each group, along with the predictive role that neuropsychological indexes exert on each treatment outcome. The AOT group exhibited the highest performance improvement (42%), indicating that the regular alternation between observation and execution biases participants toward a better performance. The reiteration of this sequence provides an incremental, adjunct value that super-adds onto the efficacy of motor practice or observational learning in isolation (42% > 25% + 10%, i.e., OL + MP). These findings extend the use of the AOT from clinical and rehabilitative contexts to daily routines requiring the learning and perfectioning of new motor skills such as sports training, music, and occupational activities requiring fine motor control. (shrink)

RESUMEN Este artículo apunta a someter a consideración si existe o no un fundamento histórico-filosófico para la hipótesis de una homonimia no azarosa entre "escala de tiempo" y "escala musical". Un examen minucioso de ciertos pasajes del diálogo Timeo muestra que Platón fue el primero en sentar las bases para el concepto de tiempo, definido como número, al incorporar el concepto de 'analogía' o proporción, el cual fue desarrollado por los pitagóricos en el marco místico y teórico de los (...) principios emergentes de la armonía tonal. La teoría pitagórico-platónica de proporciones subyace -como intentaré probar- en el concepto aristotélico de tiempo y, en cuanto tal, en la representación tradicional del tiempo como parámetro y escala del movimiento. ABSTRACT This article aims to unpack the query of whether or not there is a historical- philosophical basis for the hypothesis of a non-random homonymy between 'time scale' and 'musical scale.' A deeper look into certain passages of Plato's dialog Timaios, shows that he first laid the foundation for the concept of time, defined as number, by incorporating the concept of 'proportion' or 'analogy', which was developed by the Pythagoreans in the mystical and theoretical frame of the rising principles of tonal harmony. The pythagorean-platonic theory of proportion underlies -as I will try to prove- the aristotelian concept of time, and thus the traditional representation of time as a parameter and scale of movements. (shrink)

Antonio Negri a affirmé la nécessité d’un retour à la dialectique pour faire face à « l’usurpation de la critique », opérée d’ailleurs aussi par une certaine interprétation de l’École de Francfort où le rapport au pouvoir et au Capital est pensé comme domination absolue. Cet essai suit les développements du rapport problématique entre l’exigence de la dialectique et le projet ontologique, qui a caractérisé la deuxième partie de l’œuvre de Negri à partir de 1981. L’hypothèse de travail est que, (...) malgré les contradictions induites par le rapport entre ontologie et politique, la reformulation du marxisme en tant qu’ontologie de la production a permis à Negri de repenser la praxis politique et de nourrir une pensée de la révolution au moment où son impossibilité était déclarée par le néolibéralisme. (shrink)

Il termine ‘catastrofe’ porta con sé, quasi non tradotte, le origini dal greco καταστροφή, che potremmo rendere con l’espressione “precipitazione degli eventi”, se sapessimo, con ciò, anche alludere al senso di un rovesciamento radicale, di una ‘situazione’ che questo lemma in sé custodisce. Kαταστροφή è, innanzitutto, parte del lessico della drammaturgia antica, dove è utilizzato per indicare un rivolgimento improvviso, l’avvenimento che mette fine alla καταστάσεις dell’azione drammatica e che conclude così la vicenda dell’eroe. Lo ribadisce, ancora nel ‘700, la (...) voce dell’Encyclopédie a cura di Edme-François Mallet, che definisce la catastrofe come «le changement ou la révolution qui arrive à la fin de l’action d’un poëme dramatique, & qui la termine». Catastrofe, quindi, come capovolgimento che sovverte un ordine, portandone alla luce la tessitura narrativa, che offre l’improvvisa conclusione di una vicenda, l’interruzione e il crollo di una continuità; una sovversione catartica che non preclude la possibilità di un nuovo inizio. -/- . (shrink)